Dear Beamers,
Greetings!
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a significant public health concern worldwide, and Nigeria is no exception. The prevalence of STIs, including HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, poses serious health risks if left untreated. Despite these challenges, awareness and prevention measures can greatly reduce their spread and impact. In this week’s newsletter, we aim to discuss the importance of STI prevention, highlighting strategies and personal stories to underscore why prioritizing this aspect of health is crucial.
STIs are infections transmitted through sexual contact, affecting millions of individuals across the nation’s diverse populace. However, certain groups are more vulnerable to contracting STIs due to socio-economic, cultural, and behavioral factors. Youth and adolescents are particularly at risk, as limited access to accurate sexual health information and services leaves many young people ill-equipped to make informed decisions. Societal taboos around discussions about sex further exacerbate this issue, leading to higher rates of experimentation and risky behaviors among this age group.
Women also face heightened vulnerability to STIs in Nigeria. Biological factors make women more susceptible, and cultural norms often prevent them from negotiating safer sex practices. In many parts of Nigeria, women have less power in sexual relationships, which can lead to difficulties in insisting on condom use or other protective measures. This lack of agency is often compounded by limited access to sexual health education and healthcare services. Many women are unaware of the risks and symptoms of STIs, leading to delays in seeking treatment and a higher likelihood of complications. Additionally, economic dependence on male partners can further diminish a woman’s ability to make autonomous health decisions, trapping them in cycles of infection and re-infection.
Alatise Sesi, a community health worker, shared her personal challenges in making safer sexual choices. According to her,
“As a woman, it’s incredibly difficult to negotiate condom use with my partner. There is this general belief that it implies distrust or infidelity. I’ve often faced resistance and sometimes even anger when I bring it up. The fear of violence and the need to maintain peace in the relationship sometimes forces me to compromise on my safety. So many woman in this country feel powerless to protect themselves against STIs due to the rubbish assumptions by the public.”
People living in rural areas and those with low socio-economic status are also disproportionately affected. Rural populations often have less access to healthcare services and sexual health education due to the lack of infrastructure and professionals in these regions. Economic barriers prevent individuals from affording regular health check-ups or treatment for STIs, leading to higher rates of infection.
Prevention is fundamental in the ongoing battle against STIs, as it not only protects individuals but also curtails the wider spread within communities. Understanding and implementing effective prevention strategies is essential for maintaining sexual health and reducing the incidence of infections. Here are some essential strategies to reduce the risk:
- Use Protection: Consistently using condoms during sexual activity is one of the most effective ways to prevent STIs. Condoms act as a barrier, reducing the chance of transmission. They are effective in preventing not only bacterial infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea but also viral infections such as HIV and herpes. It’s important to use condoms correctly every time you engage in sex. In addition, female condoms and dental dams are also valuable options for protection, providing alternatives that can empower women and enhance safety in various sexual practices.
- Regular Screenings: Regular health check-ups and screenings for STIs are vital, even if you are asymptomatic. Many STIs do not show immediate symptoms but can still cause serious health issues and be transmitted to others. Early detection through screenings can prevent complications such as infertility, chronic pain, and severe infections. Regular screenings also help in reducing the spread of infections by ensuring timely treatment and informing sexual partners about the need for testing and treatment, if necessary.
- Open Communication: Discussing sexual health with your partner is very important. Open and honest communication can help ensure that both parties are aware of the risks and take necessary precautions. It includes discussing past sexual history, STI testing status, and agreeing on safety measures such as condom use. This dialogue can also foster mutual trust and respect, reducing the stigma around STI prevention. Couples who communicate openly about their sexual health are more likely to engage in behaviors that protect both themselves and their partners.
- Vaccinations: Vaccinations, such as the HPV vaccine, can protect against certain types of infections. It’s essential to consult with healthcare providers about available vaccines. The HPV vaccine, for example, can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer and other cancers caused by the human papillomavirus. Hepatitis B vaccination is another critical measure, as it prevents a virus that can lead to chronic liver disease. Ensuring that individuals are vaccinated according to medical guidelines can provide long-term protection and contribute to overall public health.
- Education and Awareness: Continuous education about STIs, their symptoms, and prevention methods is necessary. Schools, community programs, and media campaigns play a pivotal role in disseminating this information. Education can dispel myths and misconceptions about STIs, encouraging safer sexual practices and reducing stigma. Awareness programs can also provide resources and support for individuals at risk, helping them access testing, treatment, and preventive measures. Comprehensive sex education that includes STI prevention is crucial in equipping young people with the knowledge and skills to make informed decisions about their sexual health.
Dr. Hammed Fatogun, a public health expert, emphasizes the critical need for education:
“Education is the biggest form of prevention. When people are informed about how STIs are transmitted and the importance of regular screening, they are more likely to take proactive steps to protect their health. It’s not just about treatment; it’s about creating a culture of prevention.”
Sharing personal experiences can often demystify STIs and encourage others to take preventive measures. Mosunmade, a young advocate for sexual health, shares her journey:
“When I was diagnosed with an STI in my 100 level period, I felt depressed and embarrassed. The stigma surrounding STIs made it difficult to talk to anyone about my condition. I felt isolated and was afraid of being judged by my peers. This anxiety affected my concentration and performance in my studies; I found it hard to focus during lectures and my grades began to slip. Socially, I withdrew from my friends and avoided social gatherings, fearing that someone might find out about my condition. At first I wanted to keep it from my family but I couldn’t do I only told my mum and she didn’t even judge me. She kept my secret and helped me get all the necessary treatment I needed.”
Family support plays a big role in the emotional and psychological recovery of individuals diagnosed with STIs. When family members respond with understanding and compassion, it helps reduce the stigma and shame associated with these infections. Open discussions within the family about sexual health can foster a supportive environment where individuals feel safe to share their experiences and seek advice. Emotional support from family can also encourage individuals to adhere to treatment plans and take proactive steps toward managing their health. Families that prioritize education about STIs and promote open communication can significantly impact the well-being and recovery of their loved ones.
Moreover, accessible and non-judgmental healthcare services are vital for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of STIs. Healthcare providers play a key role in educating patients about safe sexual practices and the importance of regular screenings. Clinics and health centers need to ensure confidentiality and create a welcoming atmosphere where individuals feel comfortable seeking help. Comprehensive sexual health services should include counseling, testing, and treatment options, as well as educational resources. By addressing the medical and psychological needs of patients, healthcare providers can help reduce the spread of STIs and support those affected in maintaining their overall health.
Kolawole Ajoke , a nurse, underscores the importance of patient-provider communication:
“Patients should feel comfortable discussing their sexual health without fear of judgment. As healthcare providers, we must create a safe and supportive environment where patients can access the care they need. Prevention starts with open them being open to us”
The journey to effective STI prevention and management is continuous and requires the active participation of everyone. Creating an environment where sexual health is openly discussed without fear or stigma can empower individuals to make informed choices. Innovations in healthcare, coupled with robust community support systems, are essential in tackling the challenges posed by STIs. As we continue to raise awareness and break down the barriers of stigma, let’s commit to making STI prevention a fundamental part of our health routines. Remember, taking care of your sexual health is a crucial step towards a healthier and more fulfilling life.
